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Penyakit Jantung Koroner yang Mematikan

Penyakit jantung koroner memang sangat mematikan. Di negara-negara berkembang seperti Amerika, Inggris, Singapura, dan Indonesia misalnya, penyakit jantung koroner merupakan salah satu pengancam jiwa manusia yang masih sangat merajalela di samping wabah-wabah lain seperti bencana alam atau flu burung. Telah banyak orang yang meninggal karena penyakit ini, dan biaya operasi untuk menyembuhkan pasien penyakit jantung koroner ini pun sangatlah mahal. Walaupun penyakit ini pada umumnya menyerang orang-orang yang relatif sudah cukup tua, sekitar umur 50 tahun dan ke atas, kita tidak boleh mengendurkan kewaspadaan kita dan juga pengetahuan kita tentang penyakit jantung koroner, karena penyakit ini berawal dari kelalaian kita saat kita masih muda.

Arteri koroner merupakan pembuluh darah yang mensuplai jantung dengan darah. Arteri koroner itu lebih spesifiknya memberikan oksigen-oksigen yang terdapat di dalam darah ke otot – otot jantung yang terdapat di dinding jantung. Hal ini sangat perlu dipertahankan agar seseorang dapat bertahan hidup karena oksigen-oksigen ini akan digunakan untuk respirasi otot jantung agar jantung dapat terus memompa darah ke seluruh bagian tubuh. Jika oksigen-oksigen ini tidak dapat disalurkan dengan baik ke otot-otot jantung, maka jantung akan menjadi lemah dan tidak dapat menyediakan darah ke seluruh bagian tubuh. Hasilnya, orang tersebut akan meninggal karena proses-proses biologis di dalam dirinya tidak dapat dilakukan karena organ-organ tubuh tidak mendapatkan nutrisi dan oksigen dari darah.

Dalam penyakit jantung koroner, arteri koroner ini menjadi semakin sempit dan kadang-kadang terblokir. Hal ini menyebabkan darah tidak dapat disalurkan dengan baik ke otot-otot jantung. Pada tahap awal, mungkin si penderita masih dapat bernafas dengan normal dan darah yang mengalir ke otot jantung masih cukup. Namun, ketika dia melakukan aktivitas yang melelahkan seperti berolahraga atau memarahi orang lain, arteri koroner yang menyempit tidak dapat mensuplai darah yang cukup ke otot-otot jantung. Padahal, pada saat ini, jantung memerlukan darah lebih agar tubuh mendapatkan energi yang cukup untuk melakukan aktivitas yang melelahkan itu. Si penderita bisa jatuh pingsan dan tidak sadarkan diri, dan bahkan bisa langsung meninggal dunia.

Penyempitan arteri koroner ini biasa disebut arteriosclerosis, dan salah satu bentuk arteriosclerosis adalah penyempitan karena lemak jenuh, yang disebut atherosclerosis. Dalam proses ini, lemak-lemak terkumpul di dinding arteri dan penebalan ini menghasilkan permukaan yang kasar pada dinding arteri dan juga penyempitan arteri koroner. Hal ini membuat kemungkinan adanya penggumpalan darah pada bagian arteri yang menyempit ini. Jika darah terus menggumpal, maka tidak ada lagi darah yang bisa mengalir karena darah ini diblok oleh gumpalan darah yang sudah menjadi keras.

Jika tidak ada lagi darah yang dapat mengalir melalui arteri koroner, maka si penderita akan mengalami serangan jantung. Pada tahap inilah si penderita tidak dapat melanjutkan aktivitinya dan akan jatuh lemas karena ada bagian dari otot jantungnya yang telah mati lantaran tidak mendapatkan cukup darah. Penderita yang mengalami serangan jantung perlu secepatnya dibawa ke rumah sakit dan mendapatkan perawatan segera seperti pemberian oksigen agar dia tidak memasuki tahap yang kritis. Akan tetapi, jika bagian dari otot jantung yang mati itu sangatlah besar, maka dampak yang dialami orang tersebut akan sangat fatal, dan bisa membawa orang itu kepada kematian.

Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya sejak muda kita menghindari makanan-makanan berlemak seperti lemak hewan. Lemak hewan ini sangatlah jenuh dan sebaiknya digantikan dengan lemak tumbuhan yang tidak berbahaya. Malahan lemak tumbuhan dapat menurunkan kadar kolestrol dalam darah dan jika kita sering berolahraga dan tidak memiliki tekanan darah tinggi, maka kemungkinan kita terkena penyakit jantung koroner ini sangatlah kecil.

TELAPAK TANGAN

Menempelkan telapak tangan ke dahi di Buyung atau si Upik bukan cara tepat untuk menggolongkan suhu badannya panas, normal, atau dingin. Naiknya suhu tubuh bukan serta merta petunjuk ia harus diminumi obat turun panas.Dr. Paul Zakaria daGomez, ahli imunologi dari RS Harapan Kita, menguraikan duduk persoalannya, termasuk kapan obat turun panas diperlukan.

Setiap hari televisi menyuguhkan pelbagai macam iklan obat penurun panas. Semuanya mengklaim serba cespleng! Orang tua mana yang tidak cemas kalau anaknya menderita panas? Nomor satu pasti buru-buru mencari obat penurun panas, entah dari lemari obatnya sendiri, beli di warung, atau minta tetangga.

Setiap kali anak kita tidak enak badan, pasti gerakan refleks kita langsung menempelkan tangan ke dahi atau lehernya. Tapi telapak tangan sebagai alat pengukur panas sebenarnya bersifat sangat subyektif. Artinya, ia tidak dapat digunakan sebagai patokan untuk menggolongkan apakah suhu seseorang panas, normal, atau dingin.

Seseorang dengan metabolisme tubuh rendah atau menderita anemia di mana suhu tangannya lebih dingin, akan lebih peka bila meraba seseorang yang suhu tubuhnya tinggi dibandingkan dengan mereka yang metabolisme tubuhnya normal dan suhu tangannya lebih hangat. Karena tingkat metabolisme dan mekanisme sirkulasi darah tiap individu bervariasi, sudah tentu mengukur suhu badan seseorang dengan punggung telapak tangan tidaklah tepat.

Karena itu setiap keluarga hendaknya menyediakan termometer air raksa yang harganya relatif murah. Alat pengukur panas ini lebih bisa diandalkan. Dalam keadaan sangat mendesak data tersebut bahkan bisa langsung dikonsultasikan ke dokter lewat telepon.

Mekanisme kekebalan
Suhu rata-rata tubuh normal dan sehat seseorang menurut beberapa peneliti barat seperti Becquerel dan Berscher (1835) dan Wunderlich (1868), adalah 37 C. Suhu tubuh normal seseorang sesungguhnya bervariasi tergantung pada waktu pengukuran (pagi, siang atau malam), tempat pengukuran (dalam rongga mulut, di ketiak, atau dalam dubur), faktor usia serta tingkat metabolisme (sebelum atau sesudah makan, sebelum atau setelah melakukan aktivitas fisik). Pengukuran suhu dengan termometer lewat rongga mulut atau dubur akan lebih tepat daripada lewat ketiak.

Suhu tubuh paling rendah pada pagi hari (5.00 - 6.00) dan paling tinggi senja hingga malam hari. Perbedaan antara suhu terendah dan tertinggi bervariasi, sekitar 0,3 C-1,5 C. Semula perbedaan itu diduga hanya karena perbedaan cuaca, suhu serta kelembapan saja, ternyata juga karena faktor irama diurnal (saat tidur dan melek) yang berkembang sejak usia 1 - 2 tahun dan berlangsung terus seumur hidup.

Suhu tubuh rata-rata orang dewasa di bawah 37 C. Seorang peneliti, Horvath SM dkk. pernah meneliti 54 orang dewasa muda (usia 23 tahun) selama beberapa bulan dengan kesimpulan, nilai rata-rata suhu rongga mulut pada pagi hari 36,5 C dan malam hari 36,8 C. Peneliti lain, Dinarello dan Wolff dari Inggris melaporkan, hasil penelitian pada sembilan orang dewasa mudah (22 tahun), dalam seharinya rata-rata suhu badan mereka 36,6 C dengan nilai terendah 36,4 C dan tertinggi 36,8 C. Suhu rata-rata rongga mulut orang tua lebih rendah daripada orang muda, tetapi suhu duburnya sama.

Padahal suhu anus biasanya lebih tinggi daripada suhu rongga mulut. Perbedaan ini sangat bervariasi. Pada orang muda, suhu lubang keluaran itu rata-rata 0,56 C lebih tinggi daripada suhu rongga mulut.

Pada anak usia kurang dari 12 tahun, suhu tubuh waktu malam hari sering lebih tinggi, rata-rata 37,4 C. Sebagai pedoman kasar, suhu tubuh anak yang tidak melebihi 38 C (antara 36 C - 38 C) tidak perlu dirisaukan karena belum merupakan indikasi untuk diberi obat penurun panas. Karena sebenarnya suhu yang agak panas malah diperlukan untuk pertumbuhan dan sebagai salah satu mekanisme untuk mempertahankan tubuh dari serangan infeksi atau masuknya benda asing ke dalam tubuh.

Hal ini pernah dikemukakan oleh seorang ahli imunologi - infeksi dari Belanda, van den Meer. Kemudian, ia mengingatkan hendaknya pemakaian obat penurun panas terlalu dini berarti tidak memberikan kesempatan pada tubuh untuk melaksanakan fungsi mekanisme pertahanan tubuh (kekebalan). Kalau jamur yang sedang tumbuh (misalnya pada oncom dan tempe) menghasilkan panas dan membutuhkan kalori, demikian pula manusia. Tumbuh kembang anak lebih pesat daripada orang dewasa sehingga secara otomatis menghasilkan panas lebih banyak pula.

Menurunkan panas tanpa obat
Untuk mengatasi demam, lebih baik mengusahakan dulu dengan menyeka seluruh permukaan tubuh beberapa kali (terutama sewaktu suhu tubuh meningkat) dengan handuk kecil dibasahi air hangat. Tindakan ini akan melancarkan sirkulasi darah dan membuka pori-pori kulit sehingga memberikan kesempatan panas keluar dari tubuh ke lingkungan sekitarnya. Ruang ventilasi yang baik di mana udara berlangsung secara teratur atau kamar ber- AC, sangat dianjurkan untuk merawat penderita demam.

Pakaian yang sudah basah karena keringat hendaknya segera diganti dengan yang kering. Sebaiknya dari katun yang lebih mengisap keringat, bukan yang sintetis. Bila usaha ini tidak berhasil dan suhu badan mencapai 38 C, barulah penderita diberi obat penurun panas (anti- piretika). Dosis obat penurun panas jenis asetaminofen, yang umum dijual di warung atau apotek seperti Tempra, Panadol, Parasetamol, dll adalah 10 mg/kg berat badan/hari dibagi 3 dosis (diminum 3 kali sehari).

Bila sudah diberi obat penurun panas dua kali tetapi suhu badan tetap belum turun juga, berkonsultasilah ke dokter. Mungkin demam yang diderita bisa karena infeksi bakteri yang agak berat yang tidak bisa mengandalkan mekanisme kekebalan tubuh atau obat penurun panas saja, tapi memerlukan obat antibiotika. Biarlah dokter yang menentukan pemilihan obatnya.

Being Aware On Diabetes Symptoms

Diabetes is a sickness that caused by the blood glucose levels go above normal. The hormone insulin secreted by the pancreas keeps blood glucose level low. The number of person with diabetes is rapidly growing nowadays and a big percentage of those were not aware how serious it is. The reason that so many people do not know that they may have diabetes is because some people show no diabetes symptoms.

There are some usual diabetes symptoms that should be checked out by a physician. It is very essential to have blood work checked every year after the age of 45. The reason why people do not know that they may have diabetes is because some people manifest no diabetes symptoms. And, diabetes and symptoms can also be accompanied by stomach pains, vomiting or nausea. If these symptoms occur, it could be the immediate onset of type 1 diabetes, otherwise known as insulin-dependent diabetes.

To, somehow, help you to be aware on this illness, this article provides some essential knowledge to lessen the occurrence of this disease because if not, as what has been said, can lead you to some complications for your body system. Thus, the some of the symptoms are as follow:

The symptoms for diabetes include excessive or too much urination, excessive hunger, excessive thirst, abnormal or sudden weight loss, blurred sight or vision, delayed recovery from wounds or delayed healing of wounds, repeated infections, headache, fatigue, itchy and dry skin. However, experiencing some of these symptoms does not mean that you are already have diabetes because some of these are also present to other illnesses. Thus, to make it sure, it is best option to visit your doctor.

Along with cancer one of the all time degenerative diseases is diabetes where the functioning of our pancreas means we live with poor health. It is important for people to look after their health and to look out and try to look out for diabetes symptoms so that they can take early action before the full onset of the disease comes into play. The link between diabetes and diet is now known and so it makes sense to start there before we start to use drugs and insulin to treat the condition.

It is of great importance to develop a healthy lifestyle to prevent or even lessen the chances of having such a complicated ailment. Healthy diet and regular exercise are among of the contributory factors for this. It is also important to have a regular visit to your doctor for preventive measure.

Art Lighting Fixtures

Art requires lighting fixtures that are specifically designed to render color in exquisite detail, operate with minimal heat, and eliminate harmful ultraviolet and infrared light that can damage more sensitive pieces. Art lighting fixtures come in a variety of design types, each of which offers scores of individual models and lighting controls from which you can choose. Art lighting fixtures have to matched to both the type and genre of artwork they illuminate, and they have to aesthetically compliment the interior design of the home, office, or gallery surrounding the art. Some are made to be visible, yet attractive; others are made to minimize or conceal their appearance altogether so that you see the light and not the fixture.

Picture Lights

Picture lights are accent art lighting fixtures that attach to the top of the frame and cast direct lighting downward across the surface of the image. This evenly distributes illumination across the surface of the image, bringing out the details of texture, color, and subtle interplays of light and shadow. However, due to their close proximity to the image, these art lighting fixtures can damage sensitive oils and canvases common in rare originals and extremely fine art. For these pieces, it is either necessary to choose a different fixture type altogether, or to use over the picture lights fitted with LED lamps. These lamps use less electricity and emit wavelengths of light that are minimal in forward throw heat and completely free of ultraviolet radiation.

Nevertheless, one drawback remains even with the most sophisticated LED technology: namely, the obtrusive, visible presence of an art lighting fixture physically protruding from the frame. In art showings and galleries, more exquisite works of art require lighting fixtures that reside outside of the viewer’s line of sight.

This form of lighting is called “sourceless” lighting and produces a much cleaner form of illumination.

Track Lights

Track lights are art lighting fixtures that hang suspended from a rail, or “track” as it is called, that runs near the ceiling parallel to the wall. Although they reside near the ceiling above the line of site, they are still clearly visible and therefore are not a completely “sourceless” form of lighting.

Nevertheless, they often prove themselves ideal for certain, specific arenas. Track lights are often the preferred art gallery lighting fixtures of high-end photography studios. Most photography showings consist of a series of images displayed as a thematically representative group. A single track light can be pointed toward a single photograph, placing each piece in its own individual light. They also work very well in contemporary or ultra-modern interior lighting design.

Track lights sometimes lack the ability to light exceptionally large canvases and prints, and even though they can be controlled with dimmer switches to create different levels of light, they are nonetheless limited in their capacity to achieve highly customized lighting effects. An alternate to this type of exposed ceiling lighting is picture frame lights that mount directly to the art itself.

They are also the most visibly

obtrusive of all art lighting fixtures and do not work well with interior designs.

For a more advanced, low profile approach to lighting, you need either adjustable recessed lighting fixtures or an art-framing projector with sophisticated filtration and photometric controls that allow you to light larger areas and/or shape the light to the artwork itself.

Recessed Lights

Recessed ceiling lights number among one of the more popular “sourceless” art lighting fixture types. They mount in the ceiling and direct light from an angle onto a piece. Recessed low voltage lights are commonly fitted with halogen bulbs renowned for their optimal color rendering capabilities and extremely bright light. For some less sensitive works of art, such as black and white photography or lithographic prints, halogen recessed lights can be an ideal source of illumination. They work exceptionally well for lighting a small grouping of thematically connected photographs or prints.

For more sensitive oils and acrylics, recessed picture lighting fixtures must be fitted with special ultraviolet filters to prevent the light from degrading the materials and paints. This can be problematic even with the best of equipment, however, as some UV light may still reach the canvas and cause deterioration over time.

Framing Projectors

Like recessed art lighting fixtures, framing projectors install into the ceiling and assume a concealed, unobtrusive position above the line of sight. They feature customized halogen lamps, adjustable lenses, and powerful ultra violet filters that create the safest form of lighting to use with sensitive, rare, and exquisitely fine art. They also offer the widest range of beam control and color rendering capacities that rival natural light.

The only drawback that some projector models have is a rather bulky physical size that makes them stick out too much even though they reside near the ceiling. Some require professionals to adjust, and many can only be installed by cutting into the ceiling—something some collectors and curators are not able to do due to building lease restrictions.

Some projectors, however, such as the Phantom Contour initially conceived offer a seamlessly installed, compact, and highly user-friendly upgrade to standard art lighting projector design.

Phantom Contour Projectors are so called because of their specialized lens design that allows you to fit the size of the beam to the exact dimensions of a painting, print, or high-end photograph.

A series of filters strips all harmful UV and IR light from the beam and allows you to further shape the light to follow the contours of sculpture and three-dimensional abstract pieces. Recessed Phantom Projectors are far more sophisticated than many competing projector builds, but they are engineered for optimal user convenience. They operate as low voltage devices that use only a fraction of the power normally consumed by 120V art lighting fixtures.

If you are lighting rare, sensitive originals, showcasing sculpture, or creating an eclectic display of museum quality black and white photos, the Contour’s apparently sourceless light can be adjusted to create a magical, lighted from within effect that unites art itself with light. It can be adjusted without a service call with some very basic working knowledge of its controls, and it can be fitted with hand-cut templates or even Roscoe gobos for special lighting effects.

From :thebestfive.com

Digital Generation Gap - Back To The Basics

The digital generation gap is defined as the occurrence of a child who is much more computer savvy than their parent! The gap is slowly closing as those who were school age before computers became commonplace get older. However, the digital generation gap can lead to problems such as online predators, exposure to inappropriate material and identity theft. I say the best approach is the two pronged common sense combined with a quick overview of parental control settings and computer monitoring software!

When researching this article I was surprised to discover that the most basic form of prevention seems to be being overlooked! Simply being present and communicating with the younger computer savvy household member goes a long way. Never discount your presence whether you are actually engaged in the situation or not I fully suggest faking it! It stands to reason then, that computers be kept in an area of the house that is occupied and busy. For example the living room or family room verses a bedroom or basement. Intentionally walk by in a manner that you would potentially be able to see what is on the screen. I have learned from experience that peering over the youngsters shoulder might cause a less than favorable reaction. However, meandering around innocently gets the message of your potential intrusion across!

The second painfully simple and overlooked form of prevention is communication. Simply speak with your child about how they are spending their time on the computer. And be open with your child about the potential dangers of

internet use. Here is where you interject your annoying suggestions and misuse of cool sayings. You may even ask for a lesson or two although, depending on the cunningness of your youngster you may not want to expose your level of technical ignorance.

This two pronged approach is intended to be run simultaneously. Therefore, while implying that you can and will snoop at any given moment you should also truly do a little research and familiarize yourself with your computer.

In all seriousness it is your responsibility to protect against online predators. This unfortunately is an all too common problem that is the downfall of the incredible information and communication system. Type in keywords such as computer monitoring software, internet monitoring software and parental controls to do some comparison shopping and purchase a reasonably priced software. Roll your sleeves up and get started! The irony here is that all the knowledge you need, in any learning style you prefer is there, waiting to be accessed. Hint: http://Getnetwise.org is a website with extensive safety information for kids and teens. Ask your house techi for some assistance and familiarize yourself. You will be thrilled at the feeling of empowerment you have at being able to answer any question with a few keystrokes and clicks. The amount of knowledge and speed of communication is priceless!

Although the digital generation gap is getting smaller, children are still overall more computer savvy than their parents. To avoid the potential problems of online predators, exposure to inappropriate material and identity theft it is time to brush up your communication and computer skills!