Linux LiveCD Router V. 2.0

Linux LiveCD Router V. 2.0 Includes Broadband and WIFI support

http://www.wifi.com.ar/english

Linux Live-CD Router
The Linux Live-CD Router allows you to share your broadband connection and
use WIFI. You can use ADSL, Cablemodem, T1, Fixed IPs, Dial-Up and more.
Free download!

Features
- Share your broadband Internet connection
- Supports xDSL, Cablemodem, Fixed IP, Dial-Up and Wireless (WIFI)
- It includes Firewall Shorewall and Masquerading (NAT)
- Use standard and low cost computer, networking and wifi hardware
- Can replace external Access Points (APs)
- Does not require any installation. It is a LiveCD, your computer simply
boots straight from the CD. Does not require a hard disk
- Remote SSH administration
- Includes DNS Cache to accelerate surfing
- Includes SNMP Remote Monitoring and Graphical Statistics
- Linux Software compatible with Windows and Mac Networks

Hardware Requirements
One dedicated computer with the following minimum specifications: 486
Processor, 16 MBytes of RAM, 2X CDRom Reader, Floppy Drive, 1 or 2
ethernet cards. NO hard disk required! Optional Wifi card (can replace an
external AP)

To report success or problems write to us at info@wifi.com.ar

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BASIC CONFIGURATION AND HARDWARE SUPPORT
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Linux LiveCD Router works on a minimal configuration of a 486 PC, 16
MBytes of RAM, Bootable CDrom Reader, 1 or more Ethernet Cards and Floppy
Drive. Does not require a had disk!

HOW TO DOWNLOAD LIVECD ROUTER FROM THE INTERNET

The software is around 90 MBytes, and it takes aprox. 20 minutes to
download with a broadband connection. You can download it from
http://www.wifi.com.ar/english/cdrouter.html

If you can not download the software, or burn a bootable cdrom, write to
us at info@wifi.com.ar to get a pre-made cdrom

HOW TO BURN A BOOTABLE CDROM

Make sure that you burn the ISO image directly onto a CDrom.
Some burning programs modify the iso image before writing, and generally
make the CDrom non-bootable.
If you use the Nero burning program select Burn Image from the
“File” menu. The choice is then *.nrg but if you select the dropdown arrow,
you can choose *.* and then select your iso.
An other good way to do it is using the free program
http://www.burnatonce.com/downloads/

HOW TO CONFIGURE YOUR BIOS TO BOOT FROM THE CDROM

To boot from the CDrom you need to change the BIOS configuration of your
PC. Generally you access the BIOS menu program by pressing the DEL key
during boot time. Once inside the BIOS menu look for the option “boot
sequence” and choose CDrom, A, C

If your motherboard does not allow booting from CDrom, you can find a /DOS
directory on the CDrom that has instructions on how to boot using a floppy
bootdisk. You can also download it from
http://www.wifi.com.ar/download/bootfloppy

ETHERNET CARDS

Linux LiveCD Router automatically detects one or more ethernert cards,
even if they are on-board cards. The recommended cards are PCI with 3COM,
Intel or Realtek chipset. But many cards are supported, including old ISA
cards.

ADSL MODEMS

Linux LiveCD Router supports all ADSL modems that are connected through an
ethernet card, as well as PPPoE modems. In addition the USB modems Alcatel
SpeedTouch and Conexant AccessRunner are supported.

WIFI INTERNAL CARD SUPPORT

Included drivers are:

- hostap supports prism2 based cards in Access Point mode! (NEW
Replaces an external AP)
Recommended cards: PCI Compaq WL100, WL200, Netgear MA311, Hawking
Tech WP251, PCI Senao SL-2511
Or use: generic pci-pcmcia adapter (requires newer motherboards with
PCI 2.2) and recommended pcmcia cards Senao SL-2511CD, SMC2532W-B,
D-Link DWL-650 and more from
http://www.wifi.com.ar/doc/wifi/wlan_adapters.html

- altheros madwifi driver for 802.11a/b/g universal NICs -
either Cardbus, PCI, or miniPCI - that use Atheros
chip sets (ar5210, ar5211, ar5212).

The following drivers can be used to drive cards on IBSS or Ad-Hoc
mode only (You dont need an AP, but can only have up to 10 simultaneous
users aprox.)

- linux-wlan-ng supports WIFI cards USB, PCMCIA or PCI with
chips Prism2 Intersil, for example Senao 2511UB, Linksys WPC11, SMC,
Compaq (WL100 y WL200), D-Link, Nokia, Cisco Aironet and more
for a full list of supported prism2 cards (more than 100) please see:
http://www.wifi.com.ar/doc/wifi/wlan_adapters.html

- Agere (Lucent) Orinoco driver supports Hermes based cards such as
Lucent, WavelanIEEE/Orinoco, Cabletron/EnteraSys Roamabout, ELSA
AirLancer, MELCO Buffalo, Avaya, IBM High Rate Wireless, Farralon
Syyline, Samsung MagicLAN, Netgear MA401, LinkSys WPC-11, D-Link
DWL-650, 3Com AirConnect, Intel PRO/Wireless, and Symbol Spectrum24
High Rate and more

WIFI ACCESS POINTS

You can use ANY external access point, i.e. that connects through ethernet
to the internal network

HOW TO SAVE THE CONFIGURATION TO FLOPPY

Use the following commands:
configsave /dev/fd0
configrestore /dev/fd0

When you boot your PC, Linux LiveCD Router will automatically load the
configuration you saved to floppy. Remember to configure your BIOS to
boot first from CDROM, not floppy!

USING CONSOLE INSTEAD OF MONITOR AND KEYBOARD

You can use a console instead of a monitor and keyboard. The software is
preconfigured to connect your console to serial port 1 (/dev/ttyS1).

You can connect your notebook to serial port 1 and configure
hyperterminal 9600n8 Xon/Xoff.

At the same time it is still possible to use a regular monitor and keybord.

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QUICK START COMMANDS AND NETWORK CONFIGURATION
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TO LOGIN THE SYSTEM
To login the system use the user root, and the password cdrouter (all
lower case)

On commercial versions, to login the web administrator point you web
browser to http://192.168.1.1:10000
and use the user: admin and the password: cdrouter

Once the system is in operation, remember to change the passwords

SAVING THE CONFIGURATION TO A FLOPPY

You can use the following commands
Puede usar los siguientes comandos
configsave /dev/fd0
configrestore /dev/fd0

At boot time LiveCD Router loads the configuration from floppy, if it is
present

ETHERNET CARDS

Linux LiveCD Router automatically detects one or more ethernert cards,
even if they are on-board cards. If you are using ISA cards you have to
manually use the commands listed on the file /etc/modules.conf to detect
them.

To verify the detection of you cards use the command:
ifconfig

To configure the cards you can use the menu program:
netconfig

examples of manual configuration commands are:
ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.1
route add 192.168.1.0 eth1
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

Can also be done from the web interface at
http://cdrouter:10000/net/

DIAL-UP ACCESS

The software comes pre-configures to use an external generic modem such
as US Robotics, connected to the serial port 0 (/dev/ttyS0)
To connect and dis-connect use the following commands
ppp-on
ppp-off

If you have an other type of modem, or an internal modem, run the
autoconfiguration menu
ppp-setup

Configuration information will be saved on files located at
/etc/ppp

FIXED IP CONNECTIONS (Such as iPlan or frame relay)

To configure a fixed ip connection use the command:
netconfig, and choose the IP to use at the menu.
The fixed ip must be connected to eth0.

Then, to configure the second ethernet card, routing and masquerading type:
ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.1
route add 192.168.1.0 eth1
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

The machines on your network can be configured with ips such as 192.168.1.10,
192.168.1.11, and gateway 192.168.1.1, and DNS 192.168.1.1

Then restart your network on the LiveCD Router by executing the command
/bin/sh /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1

Or save your configuration with configsave and then reboot rebootee
with ctrl-alt-del

Can also be done from the web interface at
http://cdrouter:10000/net/

ADSL CONNECTIONS (Such as Speedy, Telecom DSL, Ciudad Flash, etc)

Linux LiveCD Router supports all ADSL modems that are connected through an
ethernet card, as well as PPPoE modems. In addition the USB modems Alcatel
SpeedTouch and Conexant AccessRunner are supported.

ADSL connections such as Telefonica Speedy, Telecom ARNET, Ciudad Flash, etc.
8.3.1 AUTOMATIC ADSL CONFIGURATION

Use the menu configurator running the command:
adsl-setup
Answer the menu questions, and the configuration will then be saved onto the
following files:
/etc/ppp/pppoe.conf
/etc/pap-secrets
and can be saved to floppy using the command configsave

then you can connect and disconnect using the commands
adsl-start
adsl-stop

CABLEMODEM (Such as Fibertel)

To configure you cablemodem (such as fibertel) use the command:
netconfig, and choose dhcp configuration at the menu.
The cablemodem must be connected to eth0.

Then, to configure the second ethernet card, routing and masquerading type:
ifconfig eth1 192.168.1.1
route add 192.168.1.0 eth1
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE

The machines on your network can be configured with ips such as 192.168.1.10,
192.168.1.11, and gateway 192.168.1.1, and DNS 192.168.1.1

Then restart your network on the LiveCD Router by executing the command
/bin/sh /etc/rc.d/rc.inet1

Or save your configuration with configsave and then reboot rebootee
with ctrl-alt-del

Can also be done from the web interface at
http://cdrouter:10000/net/

FIREWALL/Masquerading

software iptables
To start filtering rules you can use some of the example commands located
in the file
/etc/rc.d/rc.firewall

SHOREWALL

Is is preconfigured for the tipical installation with 2 ethernet cards
eth0 and eth1

documentation and howto at /opt/docs/shorewall-howto
configuration files at /etc/shorewall

DNS Cache

This service come pre-configured, and generally it does not require any
further configuration. You can point the machines on your local network to
use the the ip of the LiveCD Router to use DNS.

Configuration files are located at /var/named
Useful commands are:
named.reload
named

REMOTE ADMINISTRATION

Connect to http://192.168.1.1:10000 from a machine with a web
browser connected to the internal network. Username: admin
Password: cdrouter

Or connect by ssh to 192.168.1.1
Username: root Passwd: cdrouter

SNMP

Run the command snmpd, to monitor your LiveCD Router remotely. You can use
any SNMP aplications (for example MRTG)

FULL DOCUMENTATION

Available on the cdrom at directory
/opt/doc

or online at
http://www.wifi.com.ar/english/doc/

if you have any questions write to us at info@wifi.com.ar

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INSTALLED SOFTWARE
Linux Slackware 9.1
Linux Kernel custom 2.4.24
dhcpcd - dhcp autoconfiguration support
ppp - dial-up access support
ppp-setup - menu configurador de acceso dial-up
pppoe - adsl support
adsl-setup - adsl menu autoconfigurator
netconfig - menu configurador de red ethernet
ssh sshd - administracion remota por ssh
dbdiff - guardar configuracion a floppy
snmpd - monitoreo externo por SNMP
bind - software DNS, con configuracion DNS Cache
iptables - software firewall, masquerading
console- soporte console en el puerto serial 1
drivers wifi - orinoco, linux-wlan-ng, hostap
wavemon - monitoring application for wireless network devices
frottle - Packet Scheduling and QoS for Wireless Networks

COMMERCIAL VERSIONS
full technical and admin support
webmin - web administration interface
pptp - vpn pptp
portsentry - psionic portsentry
qmail - email server
qmailscanner - anti spam y antivirus
clam - antivirus
squid - proxy server
squidGuard - web content filtering
sesame wifi splah autoconfigurator of wifi users
custom configurations and applications available

If you have any questions write to us at info@wifi.com.ar

Compilation and Integration Software Linux LiveCD Router
(c) WIFI.com.ar

Aditional software provided by GNU/Linux, Slackware and other providers
covered by the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE

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Akses ADSL lambat sekali - kemungkinan terkena Flooding

Belakangan ini sering terjadi serangan Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS) di jaringan ADSL Speedy. Serangan ini berbentuk banyak paket menuju modem ADSL kita tanpa kita minta. Bahasa “hacker”-nya teknik serangan ini di kenal sebagai “flooding“ atau banjir paket. Serangan ini sering datangnya dari negara lain, yang pernah terdeteksi dari Belgia dll.

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Tujuan Serangan

Terutama berusaha menggunakan kelemahan konfigurasi modem Speedy yang kita gunakan untuk kepentingan si Penyerang.

Simptom Serangan

• Lampu sambungan ADSL nyala kelap-kelip menandakan ada traffic di ADSL. Padahal kita sedang tidak melakukan akses ke Internet sama sekali.
• Ada banyak sekali paket yang di terima modem ADSL Speedy.

Padahal kita sama sekali tidak menggunakan modem ADSL Speedy tersebut untuk apa-apa.

Packet yang datang sedemikian banyak sehingga memenuhi bandwidth downlink modem ADSL Speedy yang terbatas umumnya hanya 384Kbps. Akibatnya pada saat kita membutuhkan akses Internet tidak ada lagi sisa bandwidth yang dapat digunakan karena seluruh bandwidth yang ada sudah habis di pakai oleh si penyerang.

Solusi

• Matikan modem ADSL Speedy beberapa saat. Setelah mati beberapa saat, nyalakan lagi modem ADSL Speedy.

Harapannya kita akan memperoleh IP address yang baru dari Speedy.

• Bagi mereka yang mempunyai IP statik, solusi di atas tidak berlaku. Saran-nya kalau tidak terlalu

perlu menggunakan IP statik, sebaiknya minta ke Speedy untuk menggunakan IP dynamic saja.

• Bagi mereka yang sanggup mengkonfigurasi modem Speedy dengan lebih baik, sebaiknya di aktifkan firewall

untuk men-DROP paket yang tidak di minta tersebut.

Pengalaman Pengguna Speedy

Sumber: Alien, Bekasi http://opensource.telkomspeedy.com/forum/ Tanya Jawab Speedy >> About Flood
pertama saya mau bilang setuju sama kang Onno, kalau ngga perlu perlu amat jangan pakai ip static, terutama kalau untuk office beneran atau warnet, resikonya terlalu besar ^_^ tapi kalau hanya buat sendiri atau rumah mungkin kemungkinan kena flooding lebih kecil ^_^

flooding disini ada beberapa ni, DDOS? atau flood dari PPOE.

saya pernah kena ke dua duanya ^_^

efek, untuk ddos (saya kena dari 5 server sekaligus, dari ip server ada di beberapa negara berbeda2 =_=!!) yg pasti ngga bisa ngapa ngapain sama sekali, buka apa aja susah sekali, karena di sent banyak data, ahkirnya putus2 untuk buka web. walau kalau di lihat di bagian network stat kelihatan speed stabil dibilangan 330 kbps tetapi itu adalah data sampah akibat DDOS dan data yg benar benar saya request tergencet sama data sampah ini jadi ya ngga bisa ngapa ngapain ^_^

efek untuk PPOE (ini pernah saya buka thread dan beberapa pendapat melayang kesana kemari ^_^) kalau ini flood bukan dari luar, tapi dari modem telkom sendiri, normalnya PDAT yg saya terima ada rangenya entah 2 - 3 detik (kalau network sibuk) atau 2 - 3 menit (kalau network senggang). nah pada kasus saya kena flood, saya bisa kena dalam 1 detik lebih dari 100 perintah padahal mengunakan settingan yg sama pada modem pada saat sebelum kena flood dari PPOE maupun sesudah kena flood PPOE, akibatnya yg saya peroleh apa?, sama dengan DDOS susah dan lambat buka internet, tapi jauh lebih ringan daripada DDOS IMHO, karena masih bisa buka inet, untuk dari speed inet (saya pakai du meter untuk liat network saya bila under windows dan kalau ubuntu hanya pakai stat ^_^) data yg saya terima bergerigi, beda dengan DDOS yg rata sesuai dengan data yg masuk.

Kalau saya perhatikan, karena yg PDAT itu hanya modem yg kena flood (baik mau mode dial brige di gunakan maupun mode dial PPOE di gunakan sama saja, karena yg kena flood adalah PPOEnya, walau PVC tidak tersambung tetap yg kena adalah modem) jadi dia ngga masuk ke DU meter saya, saya tahunya karena ketika saya matikan internet PVC saya disconnect dari restart modem, di modem naik terus pengunaan data padahal sama sekali tidak tersambung ke internet (karena PVC sudah di disconnect dari awal modem restart). hanya ke brass modem terconnect. pengunaan datanya kecil tapi reqnya banyak, jadi serasa di DDOS walau bukan ^_^ tapi efeknya mirip dengan DDOS karena datanya jadi spike nya banyak, tidak stabil flow data dari IX maupun IIX karena sudah dapat banyak perintah dari brass.

Saya hanya bicara sesuai dengan pengalaman yg saya dapatkan. untuk DDOS penyelesaiannya waktu itu saya dari static kembali ke dynamic. untuk PPOE saat itu saya pakai ip dynamic, ahkirnya selesai setelah 2 minggu lebih mungkin, dengan merubah ip kembali ke static dan rajin telp ke 147, pertama orang 147 tidak percaya, dan mungkin orang broad band juga tidak percaya, dan merasa saya adalah orang iseng =_=!!, begitu sudah jadi static dan beberapa kali di telp sama orang broad band ahkirnya masalah selesai. walau tidak kembali seperti semula (dari route nya dan kawan kawan) tapi jauh lebih stabil daripada sebelum kena flood ppoe. dan sekarang kalau sibuk paling dalam 1 detik 3 kali perintah pdat yg saya dapatkan kalau lagi jaringan tidak sibuk 1 detik mungkin hanya 1 atau 2 detik sekali ada perintah pdat. saya tidak terlalu perhatikan lagi, karena merasa sudah cukup stabil ^_^

Jadi seperti kata kang Onno, kalau ngga perlu perlu amat jangan pakai static IP. walau saya ahkirnya pakai ip static bukan karena apa apa, hanya karena ingin menyelesaikan masalah di PPOE saya tadi dan ternyata berhasil, padahal sebelumnya sudah ganti beberapa kali port =_=!! walau sama sama port dari modem mocin, abis yg siemes udah tidak ada di tempat saya ^_^

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Kecepatan Terasa Lambat

Ada banyak faktor yang akan menyebabkan kecepatan menjadi pelan. Pada dasarnya ada empat (4) wilayah masalah yang menyebabkan masalah pada kecepatan, yaitu,

• PC anda / network di LAN anda.
• Jaringan di Telkom
• Jaringan di ISP ke Internet
• Jaringan di tujuan anda di Internet.

Gangguan di sisi Telkom biasanya terjadi jika tone telepon terdengar normal akan tetapi sambungan PPP pada ADSL tidak bisa terjadi. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari log di router ADSL.

Gangguan di sisi ISP dapat di identifikasi, jika PPP pada ADSL dapat tersambung dengan baik, tapi router ADSL tidak memperoleh IP address dari ISP. Hal ini menunjukan adanya gangguan antara Telkom dengan ISP.

Gangguan di sisi pelanggan biasanya terasa dengan lambatnya komputer yang digunakan, biasanya di sebabkan banyaknya virus dan trojan /spyware. Biasanya trojan / spyware akan banyak tertanam di komputer kita jika kita sering mengakses situs-situs pornografi di Internet. Sangat tidak di sarankan untuk mengakses situs pornografi untuk kesehatan komputer.

Daftar langkah di bawah ini akan membantu mengeliminasi dan menentukan masalah yang terjadi,

• Lakukan speed test. Tentunya kita harus menyadari bahwa speed test ini sangat tergantung jarak antara lokasi anda di Indonesia dengan tempat speed test yang rata-rata berada di negara maju / barat. Kemungkinan bahwa speed test ini salah karena adanya bottleneck di ISP ke Internet adalah sangat tinggi.

• Check packet loss. Jika kualitas sambungan kabel anda tidak terlalu baik maka kemungkinan besar paket akan loss atau dibuang di jalan. Dengan adanya paket yang loss atau dibuang, kecepatan transfer menjadi lambat. Router ADSL biasanya akan menyimpan statistik paket yang loss pada bagian Status. Pastikan CRC Error paket relatif rendah dalam orde beberapa puluh saja, jika lebih dari 1000 berarti ada masalah di kabel telepon yang anda gunakan. Pada gambar adalah status ADSL dari router 3COM  Status and Logs  ADSL Status  Defect Indication terlihat bahwa Fast Path CRC Error hanya 15, masih bagus.

• Pastikan tidak ada yang menggunakan bandwidth anda selain anda sendiri. Hal ini terutama untuk memastikan bahwa tidak tidak ada masalah di PC / jaringan LAN. Jika sedang melakukan speed test di LAN, matikan semua PC kecuali PC yang sedang melakukan speed test.

• Matikan Access Point Wireless anda. Pastikan tidak ada user yang mengakses melalui access point.

• Pastikan sambungan anda bersih. Bersih dari spyware, virus, malware yang menginfeksi PC anda. Gunakan anti-virus.

• Monitor traffic anda. Salah satu software yang paling mudah untuk digunakan adalah NetMeter http://readerror.gmxhome.de/. Bagi anda yang punya cukup nyali dapat menggunakan Wireshark http://www.wireshark.org/ untuk melihat secara lebih detail paket yang lewat.

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MikroTik Wireless Configuration

Setup uses Safe Mode. It means that all changes that are made during setup

are reverted in case of error, or if Ctrl-C is used to abort setup. To keep
changes exit setup using the ‘x’ key.
[Safe Mode taken]
Choose options by pressing one of the letters in the left column, before
dash. Pressing ‘x’ will exit current menu, pressing Enter key will select the
entry that is marked by an ‘*’. You can abort setup at any time by pressing
Ctrl-C.
Entries marked by ‘+’ are already configured.
Entries marked by ‘-’ cannot be used yet.
Entries marked by ‘X’ cannot be used without installing additional packages.
r - reset all router configuration
+ l - load interface driver
+ a - configure ip address and gateway
d - setup dhcp client
+ s - setup dhcp server
p - setup pppoe client
t - setup pptp client
* x - exit menu
your choice:
OR
[admin@MikroTik] > ip address
[admin@MikroTik] ip address> add address=192.168.1.1/24 interface=ether1
[admin@MikroTik] ip address> pr
# ADDRESS NETWORK BROADCAST INTERFACE
0 192.168.1.1/24 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.255 ether1
admin@MikroTik] ip address> /
[admin@MikroTik] >
[admin@MikroTik] >interface
[admin@MikroTik] interface> pr
Flags: X - disabled, D - dynamic, R - running
# NAME TYPE RX-RATE TX-RATE MTU
0 X ether1 ether 0 0 1500
1 X wlan1 wlan 0 0 1500
[admin@MikroTik] interface> enable 0
[admin@MikroTik] interface> enable 1

[admin@MikroTik] interface> pr
Flags: X - disabled, D - dynamic, R - running
# NAME TYPE RX-RATE TX-RATE MTU
0 R ether1 ether 0 0 1500
1 X wlan1 wlan 0 0 1500
[admin@MikroTik] ip address>add address=172.1.2.1/30 interface=wlan1
[admin@MikroTik] interface eoip>
[admin@MikroTik] interface eoip>add name=eoip-tunnel1 remote-address=172.1.2.2 tunnel-id=1 disabled=no arp=enabled
[admin@MikroTik] interface eoip>pr
Flags: X - disabled, R - running
0 R name=”eoip-tunnel1″ mtu=1500 mac-address=FE:FD:00:00:00:00 arp=enabled remote-address=172.1.2.2 tunnel-id=1
[admin@MikroTik] interface eoip>..
[admin@MikroTik] interface>
[admin@MikroTik] interface> bridge
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge> add name=bridge1
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge>pr
Flags: X - disabled, R - running
0 R name=”bridge1″ mtu=1500 arp=enabled mac-address=00:00:00:00:00:0 forward-protocols=ip,arp,appletalk,ipx,ipv6,other stp=no priority=32768 ageing-time=5m forward-delay=15s garbage-collection-interval=4s hello-time=2s max-message-age=20s
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge>port
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge port>pr
# INTERFACE BRIDGE PRIORITY PATH-COST
0 ether1 none 128 10
1 eoip-tunnel1 none 128 10
2 wlan1 none 128 10
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge port>set eoip-tunnel1 bridge=bridge1
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge port>set ether1 bridge=bridge1
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge port>pr
# INTERFACE BRIDGE PRIORITY PATH-COST
0 ether1 bridge1 128 10
1 eoip-tunnel1 bridge1 128 10
3 wlan1 none 128 10
[admin@MikroTik] interface bridge port>.. ..
[admin@MikroTik] interface>wireless
[admin@MikroTik] interface wireless>set wlan1 mode=bridge disable-running-check=no band=5ghz frequency=5180 ssid=test1
Configurration For Mikrotik Station / Client
[admin@MikroTik] interface eoip>add name=eoip-tunnel1 remote-address=172.1.2.1 tunnel-id=1 disabled=no arp=enabled
[admin@MikroTik] interface wireless>set wlan1 mode=station disable-running-check=no band=5ghz frequency=5180 ssid=test1
[admin@MikroTik] interface>pr
Flags: X - disabled, D - dynamic, R - running
# NAME TYPE RX-RATE TX-RATE MTU
0 R ether1 ether 0 0 1500
1 R bridge1 bridge 0 0 1500
2 R eoip-tunnel1 eoip-tunnel 0 0 1500
3 R wlan1 wlan 0 0 1500

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How do I read signal and noise ratings? (Wirelles)

These numbers are actually in decibels or db and are expressed as negative numbers. So, a lesser number, like -10, represents more strength than -70.

Based on this Forum-postSignal -> Low is good (well -10 is good, -98 is bad, mathematically -10 is higher than -98.)

Noise -> High is good (-98 is good, -10 is bad, -70 would be pretty bad in the real world)

SNR -> High is good (should be the same as difference between noise and signal, a difference of 20 would be great, a difference of 1 may barely work)

Signal Quality -> High is good (somewhat like SNR but indexed to 100 with noise as the base, percentage of the best theoretical available quality in regards to your local-noise, difficult to explain *g*)

Examples would be:

    Signal  Noise  SNR  Signal Quality
  -82     -98    16   14%

    Signal - Noise = SNR
  -82    - -98   = 16

   Signal/Noise * SNR = Signal Quality
  -82   / -98  * 16  = 13.4%

Typically, noise will be -92 which means you should get a connection with a signal as low as -92. However, expecting to hold a good connection with a signal less than -85 (eg -90), is expecting too much. The signal can be improved by -3db by doubling the power setting at the transmitting radio, eg 100mW increased to 200mW would better your Signal from -85 to -82. Antennas with increased gain will also help. Say you had the standard 3db antenna and changed it for a 12db antenna, thats a 9 db increase, so your signal would increase from -82 to -73 which would be an excellent signal, probably capable of 54Mbps. Using the term excellent in terms of running a WISP, it would probably be only 3 bars on a 5 bar signal strength meter. Don’t worry if, as a WISP your Signal Quality is low, like 14%. It’s not really a problem since -82 is considered acceptable.

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